Tobacco Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults - 1287 Words

Introduction Tobacco use among adolescents has been increasing over the years due to marketing strategies that target adolescents and attempt to promote beliefs that influence smoking behaviors. Many of the smoking behaviors are established in adolescents and young adults who are more influenced by exposure to promotional marketing advertisements such as billboards, transit ads, and other strategies that impose acceptable social norms among their peers. According to the CDC, in 2012, 6.7% of middle school students and 23.3% of high school students were currently consuming a variety of tobacco products that included cigarettes, hookahs, smokeless tobacco, and pipes. Also, those who are initially occasional smokers become more likely to continue smoking in the future (CDC, 2012). E-cigarette advertising has also targeted youth tobacco use by increased target rating points 256% from 2011 to 2013 (Duke et al.,2014). The study attributes the trends in smoking to television advertising tha t influence the acceptability of using alternate tobacco products. According to Choi et al (2014), tobacco direct mail marketing was associated an increase in cigarette use among non-smokers and a lower change in smoking reduction among smokers in the sample. Although prior research has been conducted to investigate how tobacco marketing influences smoking behaviors, specific advertising techniques that attracted adolescent consumers were not determined. This study hypothesized that televisionShow MoreRelatedThe Health Behavior Of Tobacco Use Among Adolescents1656 Words   |  7 PagesTobacco Use Among Adolescents Karah Brasher National University Abstract This paper addresses the health behavior of tobacco use among adolescents. There are many risk factors that contribute to this health behavior, as well as risk factors that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of tobacco use among adolescents. Tobacco Use Among Adolescents Over the last decade of two there has been a huge push to end the use of tobacco products such as cigarettes and chewing tobacco. These tobacco productsRead MoreIntroduction. Tobacco Use Throughout The United States1254 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Tobacco use throughout the United States has become an epidemic, not only among adults, but among adolescents as well. People do not realize the effects of tobacco or the consequence of using tobacco among the youth and adolescents. What are the leading factors of adolescents using tobacco? Do peers and parents have an influence on tobacco use among adolescents? Throughout this paper I will discuss the effects of tobacco use, the statistics of tobacco use among adolescents, and other influencesRead MoreInfluence Of Tobacco Use. â€Å"The Prevalence Of Current Smoking1162 Words   |  5 PagesInfluence of Tobacco Use â€Å"The prevalence of current smoking among youth is lower than it has been in decades, and the rate of quitting smoking in younger birth cohorts has been increasing. Nonetheless, tobacco use among youth remains a public health problem of substantial importance due to adolescents being the time when most smokers start (Aldrich, Hidalgo, Widome et al., 2015).† About 87% of adults started smoking before the age of 18, while 98% started before the age of 26 (Aldrich, Hidalgo,Read MoreThe Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On Health884 Words   |  4 Pageshealth, there are more than 4 million adults reported as active smokers. In many cases, nicotine addiction began in their adolescent years. The Center for Disease Control has estimated a prevention of 1 million deaths per year and 2 million due to tobacco control and programs shifting the leading cause of death or prevalence onto the youth (quote). Despite the benefits of tobacco control policies such as the excise tax, the nico tine epidemic among adolescents continues to proliferate. The moderatelyRead MoreSmoking Is Harmful Or Harmful? Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pageswho on the verge of quitting that may be helpful. Smoking Ever since the evolution of smoking tobacco, numerous and severe damages in the human body and the society at large have been evidenced. Smoking was for so long regarded an adult thing. But that was a few decades ago. Today, smoking is commonly considered a teen or youth thing. It is no longer strange to find teenagers as young as thirteen experimenting with cigarettes and calling it the day’s hot thing to do. As the side effectsRead MoreTobacco Consumption in Adolescents: A Health Promotion Campaign1263 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscuss the issue of smoking in adolescents from the Australian society. The discussion will include a recent campaign that has been created to cut the morbidity rates of smoking in adolescents from the Western Australian (WA) region. The campaign â€Å"Smarter than Smoking† provided an effective health promotion strategies to reduce tobacco enhancement for adolescents aged 10-15 years old. The essay will provide a better analysis on tobacco consu mption in adolescents. Thus, portraying the potential impactsRead MoreTeen Smoking : Education And Prevention1146 Words   |  5 Pages Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Virginia Western Community College Jessica Baise Assessment Public Health Problem Tobacco use usually begins during youth and young adulthood. Every day in the United States, more than 3,800 youth under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette. (Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults , n.d.) The progress of smoking occasionally to smoking every day is due to the highly addictive drug called nicotine. There are several reasonsRead MoreSocial And Ecological Model Of Public Health1480 Words   |  6 PagesThe social/ecological model of public health is a multilevel system that emphasizes on the linkages among several factors or determinants affecting health from an individual level to a larger social network (Coreil, 2010). This model is organized according to five hierarchical levels of influence: intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and society (Coreil, 2010). Intrapersonal level can include biological and psychological factors such as genetics, cognition, and personality; interpersonalRead MoreEffects Of Cigarette Smoking A mong Adult Smokers1264 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services developed a survey for the assessment of cigarette smoking among adult smokers. The assessment showed that there has been a significant decrease/decline in cigarette smoking amongst adults in the year of 2003. The survey proved that fewer adults are smoking in Los Angeles County than if the rate of smoking had remained the same as in previous years. This paper evaluates the findings in the assessment conducted by Los Angeles County DepartmentRead More Adolescents, Mental Health, and Cigarette Smoking Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagesand adolescents/adolescence. By seeing nicotine as addictive, and therefore an abuseable substance, and understanding the neurological effects nicotine has on the brain, we can see how cigarette smoking is connected to mental health. In adolescents the effect is even more pronounced because their relationships to peers and parents create situations where their mental health is compromised. Nicotine is one of the many chemicals found in cigarettes, and is the primary component in tobacco that

Traumatic Brain Injuries In The Military. Usaace. Ncoa.

TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES IN THE MILITARY USAACE NCOA SSG Justin T. LaFountain 15ZSLC 17-002 SFC Maradol Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in the military are a tangible threat to the men and women of the United States military. Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have created a spotlight on this injury, as the â€Å"signature injury†. Specific criteria makeup the definition of a TBI, which is certain symptoms and severity levels of those symptoms. Due to the capacity of this injury, the Department of Defense (DoD) and Congress have created mandates, along with treatment methods, and the ability to achieve an end goal of aiding an individual’s complete recovery. TBI is a blow, jolt, or other injury to the head that disrupts the†¦show more content†¦Symptoms due to loss of sleep manifest as fatigue, difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, easily tired and nightmares (Helms, 2014). The leading cause of TBIs in military operations is blast waves (Carlson, 2010). The estimation is that 330,000 veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan have TBIs and up to ninety percent of these are cause by a blast or explosion. To break down these TBI levels of severity further, Hinds II (2016) states an estimated 82.4 percent are mild, 17.6 percent are moderate, and 8.5 percent are severe. In 2006, the DoD mandated systematic screening, diagnosis, and care for individuals whom acquired a traumatic brain injury. Congress also mandated that military and Department of Veterans Affairs will screen all service members returning from combat (Jaffee, 2009). The Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC) took lead on this quest however; the operational requirements and capabilities of this center are the restricting factors of accomplishing this mandate. DVBIC developed and trained medical care personal with Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) (Hinds II, 2016). MACE is a field expedient tool, with a 7-section exam, that gives military personal to quickly identify concussions anywhere in the world, which requires no special equipment to administer. The sections of the exam include: concussion screening, concussion screening results, cognitive exam,

Education Law Scenario

Question: Consider the issues presented in each scenario. They often involve several legal issues. Cite key cases and statutes you would consider in resolving these issues. Discuss the implications of these statutes and cases. Tell what actions you would take including such issues as investigation, documentation, and procedures required. 1. You are the principal of a high school and the English department is organizing celebrate banned books week. They have been working on this event since the previous semester. The American Library Association provided posters, bookmarks and other materials. Your English department presented the proposed event at a slightly attended PTA meeting at the beginning of the school year. A group or African-American parents are at your office at 8:00 A.M. with grave concerns about certain books and authors on the list including Maya Angelou ,I Know Why a Caged Bird Sings; Mark Twain, Huckleberry Finn; Langston Hughes, The Best Short stories by Negro writers; and others. The parents want their list of books excluded from the event and suggest the entire event be cancelled. They believe the books are offensive and do not match the district curriculum. They also suggest certain library books be removed from the library. They have brought representatives from special interest groups to the meet ing. What steps will you take to work with the parents and with the teachers. What cases and statutes support your actions. If this case is brought , what will the courts say? 2. Linda Collins was employed as a probationary teacher for Walnut Grove High School in a mid- sized city. A student was sexually assaulted by another student behind a portable chalkboard during her class. Mrs. Collins separated the students but did not report the event. Parents of the assaulted child filed suit against the school district. This was your first notice of the assault. What standards are teachers held to in this situation? Does the sexual assault of a student by another student automatically result in liability? What actions should you take toward the students and the teacher as principal? 3. An eighth grade student, Jon, has had numerous discipline problems throughout the school year. His behavior usually involves angry outbursts at teachers or other students. Jon was administered psychological testing as a sixth grader and was diagnosed as emotionally disturbed and was provided special education services. Jon has been suspended for eight days so far. Last Friday, Jon had another major incident in class in which he cursed his teacher and then threatened to do her physical harm. The teacher enlisted the services of another teacher next door to get Jon to the office without physical confrontation. What disciplinary options are available to the campus administrator? What legal issues are implicated? Answer: 1. The High School and the English Department are celebrating the Banned Books week in association with the American Library Association. At a slightly attended PTA, this event was proposed and met with concerns with respect to certain by a group of African American, who wanted to remove the books not only from the event but also from the school library and suggested the cancellation of the event. Issue What action can be taken for working with the parents and the teachers? Whether the books can be removed from the school library, what would the ruling of the court be in this regard? Solution It is essential for the parents to understand and they should be made to understand by the school that the censorship of the books and other such materials of the curriculum would lead to the violation of academic diversity and freedom which is protection under the Constitution of U.S. The books cannot be pulled out of the library shelves just because the ideas of the books are not liked. It was held in the case of Board of Education vs. Pico by the Supreme Court that the First Amendment was violated by the school officials where they removed various books from the library of a junior high school for being controversial in nature (Board of Education vs. Pico, 1982). These books are important classics that need to be read by the students for their enrichment of knowledge. The parents need to be assured that these books would not be damaging to the students but would open avenues of learning especially of their own culture and its past. Further, it has been opined by the Court in the case of Board of Education vs. Pico that the students' right of receiving ideas and information was protected under the First Amendment, and the library is the main place for receiving such information (Board of Education vs. Pico, 1982). The only reason why the books could be removed from the library the court opined in this case if it was pervasively vulgar. The cases of the Supreme Court indicate a broad trend towards supporting the schools when it comes to the censorship issues. However, it also cautions the educators to be aware of the values which include values of the minority in the community in which they serve. The Constitutions First Amendment has been cited by experts as protection both the right of the teacher to academic freedom and right of the student to know. It has also at the same time been argued by the legal experts that there is a right that haves have to protest against materials or books which they consider will have a damaging affect on their children. The Island Trees Union Free High School v. Pico (1982) was a landmark case of censorship in which it was asserted by the court that there is no permission under the Constitution for suppression of the ideas officially and the books that were banned were returned to the school library (Board of Education vs. Pico, 1982). The court in this case and similar other cases has allowed the boards of the school a rather free hand with respect to the materials of the curriculum. In the case of Texas v. Johnson, it was opined by Willian J. Brennan, Jr. Justice Supreme Court that the bedrock principle which underlies the First Amendment is that there should not be any prohibition by the government of an ideas expression only because the opinion of the society is that it is an offensive idea or not agreeable (Texas v Johnson, 1989). Thus it can be concluded from the various case laws that the general view of the court would be in favour of not removing the books from the Library since it would lead to the violation of the First of both the students' as well as the teachers.' Further, if the First Amendment is to be continued to be protected the words of Naom Chomsky are to be kept in mind that if there is no belief in the freedom of expression of those people whose ideas are not liked, then there is no believing in it at all (Imber Van Geel, 2000). 2. Brief Facts of the Case Lind Collins a probationary teacher separated a student sexually assaulting another student. However, she did not report this incident. The parents of the student who was sexually assaulted filed against the school district a suit. Issue What standards are the teachers held to in this situation? Does assault by one student of another leads automatically to liability? What action can be taken against the student and the teacher? Solution For the Fifth Circuit the United States Court of Appeals in the case of Walton v. Alexander (5th Cir. 1994) added the notion of indifference that is deliberate indifference while analyzing liability and the definition which it was that where the official of a school was aware of or has avoided willfully knowing about a serious harm that could happen possibly to the student and there is failure to take any action that is appropriate, and there is harm which has been caused to the student. It was further clarified by the Fifth Circuit in the case Doe v. Taylor (5th Cir. 1994) that there is no absolving of liability of a public school officials simply because there was no special relationship that existed especially in cases where they were aware and still failed to take any action for the protection of the student where there are students present who are disruptive and aggressive dangerously (Doe v. Taylor, 1994). Thus, the teacher should have reported the incident for the safety of the student who was harassed knowing that the harassment was of grave nature. Failure on the part of the teacher to report is actionable (Vacca Bosher, 2008). Further in the case of Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education (1999) it was held by the high court that the official of public school may be held liable in a sexual harassment situation where it was a student on student in the case wherein the harassment is so pervasive and severe that victim students ability to learn is limited, where there was a knowledge of this harassment by the school officials, where there was deliberate indifference which was showed by the school officials and where there were no responsible steps that were taken for remedying such situation (Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, 1999). This standard of deliberate indifference is a tool which subsequent court applies consistently. In the given case as well this standard would be made applicable for determining whether the teacher would be made liable (Mason Stephenson, 2012). There is no automatic liability of the teacher unless there is the fulfillment of the standards of deliberate in which case the teacher would be held to be liable. Further, the school district can also be held liable for violation of Title IX if there is the failure to take action that is reasonable against long-term and serious sexual harassment that is student to student which the school employee was aware of (Hudgins Vacca, 2012). Thus there has to be action taken against both the student and the teacher however it has to be kept in mind what the seriousness of the act was and what would be the most reasonable action that could be taken. 3. Brief Facts of the Case In this case, an eighth-grade student Jon, who, has had various discipline issues and has been diagnosed as emotionally disturbed threatened violence against a teacher. Issue What are the disciplinary options that are available? What are the legal implications in this case? Solution When there is harm or violence which is threatened by a student the administrator may implement any of options such as (i) removing the student immediately from the classroom the student who has threatened the injury, (ii) the student to be placed in a setting where his behavior can receive attention immediately, including, though not limited to the office of (a) the school principal, (b) the vice principal, (c) the assistant principal, (d) the psychologist of the school who has been licensed by any mental health professional's office or by the Teacher Standards and Practices Commissioner, and (e) the counselor before being allowed to return to the setting of a classroom, and (iii) the guardian of the student has to be informed promptly and no later than 24 hours of the incident regarding the behavior of the student and the action of the school (Fein, et al., 2002). In the case of Lovell v. Poway Unified School District (Lovell v. Poway Unified School District, 1996), where a suit had been brought by a student's parents called Sarah for removing the referral form from her file the Ninth Circuit Court upheld the action of the court and ruled that the communication made by Sarah was a true threat. It is an objective standard, according to the Ninth Circuit, which lays focus on the speaker by which alleged threats are judged. The test is that whether a person who is reasonable while making a statement can foresee that there could be an interpretation on the part of the listener as an expression that is serious for intending harm. The First Amendment does not protect true threats under the categories of expressions that are protected the Ninth Circuit Court further emphasized. Thus by the principal was justified in taking action against Sarah by suspending her and filing the form of student referral (Snyder Swahn, 2016). Other than the test of the objective speaker the court also required that the statement which appears to be a threat should be considered in the light of the facts of the case that surround it. If, the surrounding and statement are such that it is immediate unconditional, specific and unequivocal that the purpose's seriousness is conveyed and that there is a prospect of the statement being carried out in near future, then it would be held to be a true threat (Peterson Skiba, 2001). Thus, in the given case as well considering the history of the student, it can be stated that the threat was a true threat, and any action that may be taken against the student of either suspension or submission of a referral form would be justified legally. References Board of Education vs. Pico, 457 U.S. 853 (1982). Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, 526 U.S. 629 (1999). Doe v. Taylor (Fifth Circuit 1994). Fein,, R., Vossekuil, B., Pollack, W., Borum, R., Modzeleski, W., Reddy, M. (2002). Threat assessment in schools: A guide to managing threatening situations and to creating safe school climates. Retrieved from https://www.secretservice.gov/ntac_ssi.shtml Hudgins, H. Vacca, R. (2012).Law and education(8th ed.). Charlottesville, Va.: Michie Co. Imber, M. Van Geel, T. (2000).A teacher's guide to education law. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Lovell v. Poway Unified School District, 90 F.3d 367 (9th Cir 1996). Mason, A. Stephenson, D. (2012).American constitutional law(8th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Peterson, R. Skiba, R. (2001). Creating School Climates That Prevent School Violence.The Social Studies,92(4), 167-175. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00377990109603997 Snyder, H. Swahn, M. (2016).Juvenile suicides, 19811998. Youth Violence Research Bulletin..Ncjrs.org. Retrieved 29 July 2016, from https://www.ncjrs.org/html/ojjdp/196978/contents.html Texas v Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989). Vacca, R. Bosher, W. (2008).Law and education. Newark, N.J.: LexisNexis.

Value Stream Mapping free essay sample

In an article by Magnier, he says that the goal of a value stream map is to depict material and information flows across and throughout all value-adding processes required to produce and ship the product to the customer. Two specific points were addressed for determining how a value stream map can be beneficial to a company in the article. First, during the team creation of a value stream mapping, businesses and manufacturing waste that occur in the processes can be easily identified (Magnier, 2003). Second, once the current state value stream mapping is created, it becomes the baseline for improvement and for the creation of a future state value stream mapping. The FSVSM can then be used as a world class manufacturing implementation road map (Magnier, 2003). Next the topic of waste in companies is addressed, as it relates to individual value streams. In a research article by Hines and Rich the most common waste a company incurs were discussed in great detail. These types of waste include overproduction, waiting, transport, inappropriate processing, unnecessary inventory, unnecessary motion, and defects. Overproduction is regarded as the most serious waste as it discourages a smooth flow of goods or services and is likely to inhibit quality and productivity. Such overproduction also tends to lead to excessive lead and storage times. As a result defects may not be detected early, products may deteriorate and artificial pressures on work rate may be generated. In addition, overproduction leads to excessive work-in-progress stocks which result in the physical dislocation of operations with consequent poorer communication. This state of affairs is often encouraged by bonus systems that encourage the push of unwanted goods (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). When time is being used ineffectively, then the waste of waiting occurs. In a factory setting, this waste occurs whenever goods are not moving or being worked on. This waste affects both goods and workers, each spending time waiting. The ideal state should be no waiting time with a consequent faster flow of goods. Waiting time for workers may be used for training, maintenance or kaizen activities and should not result in overproduction (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). The third waste, transport, involves goods being moved about. Taken to an extreme, any movement in the factory could be viewed as waste and so transport minimization rather than total removal is usually sought. In addition, double handling and excessive movements are likely to cause damage and deterioration with the distance of communication between processes proportional to the time it takes to feedback reports of poor quality and to take corrective action (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). Inappropriate processing occurs in situations where overly complex solutions are found to simple procedures such as using a large inflexible machine instead of several small flexible ones. The over-complexity generally discourages ownership and encourages the employees to overproduce to recover the large investment in the complex machines. Such an approach encourages poor layout, leading to excessive transport and poor communication. The ideal, therefore, is to have the smallest possible machine, capable of producing the required quality, located next to preceding and subsequent operations. Inappropriate processing occurs also when machines are used without sufficient safeguards, so that poor quality goods are able to be made (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). Unnecessary inventory tends to increase lead time, preventing rapid identification of problems and increasing space, thereby discouraging communication. Thus, problems are hidden by inventory. To correct these problems, they first have to be found. This can be achieved only by reducing inventory. In addition, unnecessary inventories create significant storage costs and, hence, lower the competitiveness of the organization or value stream wherein they exist (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). Unnecessary movements involve the ergonomics of production where operators have to stretch, bend and pick up when these actions could be avoided. Such waste is tiring for the employees and is likely to lead to poor productivity and, often, to quality problems. The bottom-line waste is that of defects as these are direct costs. Defects should be regarded as opportunities to improve rather than something to be traded off against what is ultimately poor management. Thus defects are seized on for immediate kaizen activity (Hines amp; Rich, 1997). Value stream mapping also has numerous benefits, including the ability to â€Å"see the flow† of your value stream. This allows manager to realize the wastes in the production process and ultimately eliminate those non-value added processes. Value stream mapping also opens up the opportunity for a company to further employ lean manufacturing processes. Perhaps the biggest benefit of VSM is that it provides a detailed picture of where the company is right now, and where the company wants to be in the future. (Van Oss, 2006) Next, the different types of cycle times that take place in a process will be discussed. In a research article by the Institute for Innovation and Improvement (NHS), cycle time was defined as the amount of time that elapses between one process finishing and the next process up. They went into detail to differentiate between each of the different cycle times. Value added time (VA) they defined as the time that actually adds value to the patient journey. Changeover time (C/O) they defined as the time taken to switch from one type of a process to another. Number of people (NP) is defined as the amount of people required to work on a particular process. Lead time (LT) is the time it takes to move all the way through a process or value stream (Improvement, 2008). All these times together make up the cycle time for a process which is a key point in creating a value stream map. Below is Figure 1 Current State Value Stream Map, which is a combination of all the practices discussed above and applied to our process of Barnes and Noble. As you can see, the Value Stream Map starts with the warehouse front office sending out the weekly production orders to our publishers. From there the books are shipped from multiple publishers to our receiving department of the warehouse. Normal shipments are a total of 2,000 books. The cycle time for receiving is 30 minutes before the books are moved to the sorting area which has a cycle time of 10 minutes. Once the books have been sorted to their respective categories (fiction, history, self-interest, etc. †¦), they are pushed to the inspection process with a cycle time of 20 minutes. After the books have passed inspection they are pushed to packaging where they are wrapped and ready for storage with a cycle time of 10 minutes. The last process in the warehouse is storage with a cycle time of 30 minutes. The total inventory on hand is 5,000 books. Every week the warehouse receives orders from the front office which are then handed down to the production control center with instructions for daily operations. From the warehouse, the books are distributed to local Barnes and Noble stores where the customer either buys them in-store or orders them online. The final step in this process is the physical stores sending weekly sales figures and inventory numbers to the warehouse front office to start the cycle over. Barnes and noble have an enormous range of customers seeing as how so many people love to read. With locations scattered all across the United States they seem to be doing a good job at meeting customer demand. With that being said it is hard point out areas with room for improvement when they are doing such an adequate job at keeping their customers satisfied. One area in particular that I think can be reduced is the amount of time that is spent on the inspection of books. Don’t get me wrong, inspection is a very important step and is a key attribute to ensuring customer satisfaction, however if inspection time can be cut by a couple of minutes it would make room for the production of many more books. One way to cut back on inspection time would be to add a worker or two to the inspection line. Taken together, the results indicate that the value stream map plays an important role to the companies that have them in use. Specifically pointing out value-adding and non-value-adding processes (Hines amp; Rich. , 1997; Improvement. , 2008; Magnier. , 2003; Van Oss. , 2006). Companies that have an active value stream map in place tend to be more aware of their financial status. They know where their money is being used effectively, and can easily point out the areas that need improvement due to waste.

Something About Mary free essay sample

There was something about Mary. I would often watch re-runs of â€Å"The Mary Tyler Moore Show† with my mother. From what I saw, Mary sat in her office talking to Murray while Ted occasionally reported the news and Lou walked around tossing off an insult or two. There were neither any real work done at WJM-TV, nor deadlines or ratings. Yet, somehow, at the age of six, I had a vague sense of my desire to be a television producer I wanted to be Mary Richards. And so began my quest to satisfy what felt like an innate love for film and writing a journey that is still just beginning. My first attempt to satisfy my inner-Mary came at seven with my television debut as a Grouchkateer on â€Å"Sesame Street.† As the director instructed us to jump up and down and shake our heads, I whirled in circles, flailing my arms in blissfully ignorant rebellion. We will write a custom essay sample on Something About Mary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Between shots, I attempted to visit Oscar the Grouch and relentlessly banged on his can until Big Bird told me to stop. They, no doubt, thought I wasn’t ready for TV; I prefer to think that it wasn’t ready for me. Next up: middle school, and my effort to revamp the home video. My cousin and I did not bring idle reminiscing to the small screen. Instead, we created quirky vignettes that only slightly exaggerated true stories of our painfully suburban family. There was the time, for instance, my brother threw the dog who couldn’t swim into the pool, or the time we spent nine hours assembling an exersaucer for a two-year-old, or when I tricked my aunt into thinking she won a million dollars with a fake scratch ticket. When I got to high school, however, it all seemed like kid stuff. Oscar’s trash can? Silly family stories? I was an artiste. The workings of the camera and the art of the pen struck me intensely, as would a low angle shot of a mastermind villain for the viewer or an unexpected climax for the engrossed reader. A good narrative provides catharsis for the insightful writer and a camera lens provides a feast for weary eyes. I produced two films junior year, â€Å"Umbrella,† a silent, black and white short film noir, and â€Å"Opposites Attract,† a bizarre romantic comedy. Both found me waking before dawn and taking the subway to that day’s location with carefully annotated scripts, filming schedules, and continuity notebooks in hand. Amid days upon days of wacky film jokes and countless â€Å"lights-camera-action,† we would stop to make an edit or take a coffee break. Working with actors from the Screen Actors Guild was no stroll down â€Å"Sesame Street.† It took more than enough takes to recognize the relationship that bonds my mini-Sony DV with my flimsy tripod, that fuses Final Cut Pro with Avid DV Express, and that merges my beloved fixations of filming and writing. Things have come a long way from the time I sat in front of that TV wanting to be just like Mary to the present as I sit at my editing station in school or at my desk writing a scene at all hours of the night. Where will the next reel find me? I don’t know. But I’m sure of one thing: In some way, it will be something like Mary.

Shakespeare Essays - Shakespearean Tragedies, William Shakespeare

Shakespeare Essays - Shakespearean Tragedies, William Shakespeare Shakespeare William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was a great English playwright, dramatist and poet who lived during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Shakespeare is considered to be the greatest playwright of all time. No other writer's plays have been produced so many times or read so widely in so many countries as his. Shakespeare was born to middle class parents. His father, John, was a Stratford businessman. He was a glove maker who owned a leather shop. John Shakespeare was a well known and respected man in the town. He held several important local governmental positions. William Shakespeare's mother was Mary Arden. Though she was the daughter of a local farmer, she was related to a family of considerable wealth and social standing. Mary Arden and John Shakespeare were married in 1557. William Shakespeare was born in Stratford in 1564. He was one of eight children. The Shakespeare's were well respected prominent people. When William Shakespeare was about seven years old, he probably began attending the Stratford Grammar School with other boys of his social class. Students went to school year round attending school for nine hours a day. The teachers were strict disciplinarians. Though Shakespeare spent long hours at school, his boyhood was probably fascinating. Stratford was a lively town and during holidays, it was known to put on pageants and many popular shows. It also held several large fairs during the year. Stratford was a exciting place to live. Stratford also had fields and woods surrounding it giving William the opportunity to hunt and trap small game. The River Avon which ran through the town allowed him to fish also. Shakespeare's' poems and plays show his love of nature and rural life which reflects his childhood. On November 28, 1582, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway of the neighboring village of Shottery. She was twenty-six, and he was only eighteen at the time. They had three children. Susana was their first and then they had twins, Hamnet and Judith. Hamnet, Shakespeare's son, died in 1596. In 1607, his daughter Susana got married. Shakespeare's other daughter, Judith, got married in 1616. In London, Shakespeare's career took off. It is believed that he may have become well known in London theatrical life by 1592. By that time, he had joined one of the city's repertory theater companies. These companies were made up of a permanent cast of actors who presented different plays week after week. The companies were commercial organizations that depended on admission from their audience. Scholars know that Shakespeare belonged to one of the most popular acting companies in London called The Lord Chamberlain's Men. Shakespeare was a leading member of the group from 1594 for the rest of his career. By 1594, at least six of Shakespeare's plays had been produced. During Shakespeare's life, there were two monarchs who ruled England. They were Henry the eighth and Elizabeth the first. Both were impressed with Shakespeare which made his name known. There is evidence that he was a member of a traveling theater group, and a schoolmaster. In 1594, he became an actor and playwright for Lord Chamberlain's Men. In 1599, he became a part owner of the prosperous Globe Theater. He also was a part owner of the Blackfriars Theater as of 1609. Shakespeare retired to Stratford in 1613 where he wrote many of his excellent plays. There are many reasons as to why William Shakespeare is so famous. He is generally considered to be both the greatest dramatist the world has ever known as well as the finest poet who has written in the English language. Many reasons can be given for Shakespeare's enormous appeal. His fame basically is from his great understanding of human nature. He was able to find universal human qualities and put them in a dramatic situation creating characters that are timeless. Yet he had the ability to create characters that are highly individual human beings. Their struggles in life are universal. Sometimes they are successful and sometimes their lives are full of pain, suffering, and failure. In addition to his understanding and realistic view of human nature, Shakespeare had a vast knowledge of a variety of subjects. These subjects include music, law, Bible, stage, art, politics, history, hunting, and sports. Shakespeare had a tremendous influence on culture and literature throughout the world. He contributed greatly to the development of the English language. Many words and phrases from Shakespeare's plays and poems have become part of our

Tiny houses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tiny houses - Essay Example The film centers around Christopher Smith, who decided to build his house in the spring of the year 2011. At the onset of the movie, Smith describes that his motivation for building the house was because he did not have a ton of money to use in bigger constructions, therefore, considered a financial independence. He points that similarly, the people who built their small houses had the same motivation. For instance, interviews with the tiny house personalities like Jay Shafer, Tammy Stroebel, Deek Diedricksen and other healthy people who chose to live in as tiny as 84 sq ft dwellings (Mueller and Smith). Despite the aesthetic and the value design of the living small houses, the primary motivation that the luminaries gave was on financial independence. As Shafer notes of the tiny life, â€Å"the principal asset is freedom.† Therefore, with a lower overhead, lack of room for extraneous purchases, makes the tiny house life inexpensive that the residents allowed and left to live the way they prefer (Zeiger and Ngo 105). The prime motivation of people to live in the communes, squats, tent cities, Eco-villages and the sustainable housing is derived from the desire reap the physiological benefit. In accord, a desire to reduce one’s physical footprint on the natural environment. The physiological benefit realized lies on one’s peace of mind and a feeling of contentment. A sense of self-satisfaction in the movie is whereby each household involves itself in the act of small house construction. One, therefore, feel contented in doing something constructive that ends up creatively designed and has a twin benefit to the society. More intricate, from the point that a woman can do a task and be as significant as their male counterparts in constructions, is something of significance. For instance, in the film, we see the buildout of Smith assisted by his girlfriend, Merete Mueller. Therefore unfolding the gender

Analyst report Uniliver PLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analyst report Uniliver PLC - Essay Example The industry has the unique quality of having a target market of the entire global population of 7.05 billion people (Census, 2012). Unilever is a company that has achieved great success in the industry with a market penetration of 28.36% or two billion customers. The firm is positioned as one of the leading companies in the industry. This report will provide an overview of the company as well as financial analysis of Unilever for the fiscal year 2011 in order to determine whether the company is worth investing ?1 million. One of the mail analytic tools used in the paper is ratio analysis. Company Profile: Unilever Unilever was founded in the 1890s, but the actual Unilever brand was not created until 1930. The company is dedicated to the nutritional and well being industry. The firm has over 400 branded products. Some of the most popular brands of the company are Dove, Knorr, Lipton, Hellmann, and Axe. The corporate vision of the company is, â€Å"Helping people to look good, feel g ood and get more out of life† (Unilever, 2012). One of the keys to the company’s success has been its product innovation. Innovation is fostered by investing in research and development initiatives. The company has a network of scientists located across the world. The company spends over â‚ ¬1 billion a year in R&D. In 2010 the company was named advertiser of the year by Cannes Advertising Awards. The products of the company are sold across 190 countries. The firm has over two billion customers worldwide. Unilever generates 55% of its sales from emerging economies including China, Brazil, India, and Indonesia (Unilever, 2012). Dove is one of the most successful brands of the company with sales of over â‚ ¬3 billion yearly. The organization has 171,000 employees. The firm believes in the use of diversity. A lot of the firm’s products target the children population to increase their quality of life. Financial Analysis – Unilever In 2011 Unilever genera te revenues of â‚ ¬46,467 million. The revenues of the company increased by 16.68% in comparison with 2009, while it increased by 4.98% in comparison with 2010. The net income of the company was â‚ ¬4,623 million in 2011. The net income of the firm went up by 0.54% between 2010 and 2011. The cash account of the company at the end of 2011 had a balance of â‚ ¬3,484 million. Unilever’s total assets at the end of 2011 were â‚ ¬47,512 million, while its current assets were â‚ ¬14,291 million. In 2011 the total liabilities of the company were â‚ ¬32,591 million. Unilever’s total equity at the end of 2011 was â‚ ¬14,291 million. A ratio analysis of the company is illustrated below: Financial Ratios 2011 Net margin 9.95% Operating margin 13.84% Earnings per share (EPS) â‚ ¬ 1.51 Return on assets (ROA) 9.73% Return on equity (ROE) 30.98% Current ratio 0.80 Quick acid ratio 0.54 Working capital -â‚ ¬3638 million Debt to equity 218.42% Debt ratio 68.60 % The net margin of Unilever during 2011 was 9.95%, while its operating margin was 13.84%. Both financial metrics measure the profitability of the business. The net margin reflects the absolute net profitability of the business. The formula to calculate net margin is net income divided by total sales (Besley & Brigham, 2000). Unilever had earnings per share of â‚ ¬1.51. The earnings per share are the portion of a company's profit allocated to each

Purpose of study Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Purpose of study - Personal Statement Example You can study through the net and compare the price of the product that you wish to buy by scanning through hundreds of choices, and in many cases, with the return guarantee, if you are not satisfied about the quality of the product. Some top retailers have perfected the system to deliver the goods within 24 hours. The lifestyles have undergone a sea of change with positive and negative impacts. Distance is no more a factor in communicating though computers, smart phones and e-mail. You can watch your relatives in action through Skype and at the same time converse with them. Well, some argue that the personal touch is lost, but has it really? How do we enjoy the glib talk of the sales personnel across the counter, in appreciation of their products and sell through persuasion and public relations? Who are the gainers and losers in such transactions? Technological advancement which is the ongoing feature of the modern materialistic civilization is unstoppable. It is not necessary for u s to take a grim picture of the situation. Materialism and spiritual values can live together; rather they must live together for the happiness of humankind. Computer Science and Information Technology is the real life subject. Its syllabus is vast. ... I have completed Diploma in English Language from U.S. and have developed excellent communication skills in this language. Besides, I am versatile in spoken and written Arabic and English and have the ability to translate from and to in this pair of languages. I have authored a research paper on the subject of â€Å"Internet Censorship,† and secured high grade on it. My perspective about the subject and future plans: I think that expertise in information technology enables one to launch the challenging career to face life. Firstly it is the career that appeals to me and will give inner satisfaction. Inner satisfaction is the highest state one can aspire for in life. My ideal specialization in this subject will be programming that involves acquisition, processing all sorts of information like vocal, textual, pictorial and numerical information. To be an embedded programmer I know I need to be analytical and should apply myself meticulously to get the desired results. I realize a tough task is ahead of me. My subject is the target of white-collar crimes that are being committed by the educated and intelligent class. Hackers mostly belong to this category. On the other side, viruses are carrying on the relentless attack on the web programs. But I wish to live dangerously, in the sense that I take this as the professional challenge to develop software programs that are user-friendly by providing debugging solutions to protect the individual and business interests. In the competitive world of business today, it is essential for the developers to create a program that is reliable as per the changing business needs, the confidentiality being the important criteria. Thus, I am opting for a subject where there are dynamic career opportunities, to move with the changing trends

Methods for Sustainability in the Chemical Industry

Methods for Sustainability in the Chemical Industry Table of Contents (Jump to) INTRODUCTION WAYS OF MAINTAINING SUSTAINABILITY IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 1. RENEWABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY 2. CATALYSIS 3. EFFICIENT WASTE MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLE 4. SAFER SOLVENT CONCLUSION REFERENCE INTRODUCTION Also known as green chemistry, sustainability in the chemical industry is the practise or a viewpoint of chemical researches that is design to focus on the reduction or elimination of the chemical processes that results to the production of a generation of hazardous substances particularly to the environment and humanity (USEPA, 2015). With reference to the current climatic changes, physical evidences shows that the rate at which solar energy is received from the sun compared to the rate at which it is lost to space, has severely increased over the previous decades, Hence, negatively affecting the climates of different regions across the globe. This could be correlated to the fact that many chemical processes used in the industries today are not sustainable enough (Blackstone 2015). Figure 1: Gas Emission from a Chemical Plant Source: www.texastribune.org WAYS OF MAINTAINING SUSTAINABILITY IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY There are several approaches to maintain sustainability in the chemical industry today; however this report concentrated on four of them; 1. RENEWABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY Most chemical processes requires energy in order to materialize, and with fossil fuel becoming progressively more scarce with comparison to demand, there is the necessity to find alternative sources, such as recycled or renewable energy. The aftereffects of using fossil fuel, particularly to operate a chemical plant such an ammonia plant for example is that a large amount of Carbon-monoxide is produced as by-product hence contributing to the current global challenges of climate change (University of York, 2014). Ways of Using Energy Effectively By using good insulative materials and well-sustained equipment, heat loss will be reduced during the process of production and any surplus heat should be re-used to produced hot water rather than being lost to the environment. Chemical reactions that require lower temperature should be considered when the option is available. Where possible, chemical plants should avoid using generator to generate electricity because of the emission of carbon-monoxide. 2. CATALYSIS The use of catalysts plays an enormous role in the enhancement of a more sustainable process for the production of chemicals. There are several benefits in using and developing catalysts for industrial chemical reactions, some significant ones being: They positively affect the condition needed for the chemical reaction, often decreasing the energy required by reducing the pressure and temperature. They facilitate the usage of alternative reactions which generally have a better atom economy therefore reduces wastage. They enable the possibility to precisely control the reaction pathways, hence decreasing unwanted by-products and making it easier to purify and separate the preferred products. Example: In the production of nylon-6 (an essential polymer used to make fabrics); cyclohexanone is altered into caprolactam through the means of oxime (reacting hydroxylamine hydrogen-sulphate with ketone). This process requires the need to isomerised sulphuric acid with the reactant (caprolactam) which then gives off ammonium sulphate (wastage). With the introduction of a catalyst (zeolite), the chemical reactions are rearranged hence resulting to elimination of the subsequent wastage from sulphuric acid (University of York, 2014). 3. EFFICIENT WASTE MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLE As much as it is practically impossible to have zero-wastage, chemical practises can imbibe the following culture below; Waste Avoidance: Where possible, chemical processes that involve less or no wastage should be considered simply because it saves time, money and preserves the environment. Generally, chemical waste products are treated specially due to their hazardous tendencies to humanity and the environment (Blackstone 2015). Waste Re-usage: In cases whereby it is almost impossible not to produce waste, alternative means should be devised in order to re-use the waste products created. For example, a chemical plant, that conducts a lot of combustion can re-use the carbon-monoxide (by-product) to produced methanol by the hydrogenation of the carbon-monoxide (University of York, 2014). Waste-to-energy Conversion and Recycle: In certain circumstances, the energy needed to recycle the waste product maybe significant compared to the advantages of the recycled product therefore it may be considerable better to convert waste to energy. Recycle and converting waste to energy should be interchangeable. For example, the production of cotton with the use of pesticides and fertilisers could end up requiring more energy and polluting more than the production of certain artificial fibres or fabrics (University of York 2014). Landfill: this is often regarded as the most cost-effective way to dispose selective chemical waste especially in countries like America and Nigeria with large open fields. With other waste management methods such as incineration and resource recovery both requiring wide investments in manpower and infrastructure, landfills have fewer cost, allowing them to stand favourably. They can also be upgraded to generate natural gas which can be potentially seen as revenue stream (Blackstone 2015). 4. SAFER SOLVENT As part of the means to preserve the environment and to maintain the practises of a sustainable chemistry, it is preferable to conduct reactions that occur in a gaseous phase simply because they avoid the usage of solvents to bring reactants together. Examples of these processes include; the manufacture of ammonia, methanol, ethene and ethanoic. In the production of ethanoic, where possible, an alternative solvent which is not harmful should be used because the solvent readily evaporates into the atmosphere unless safety precautions are taken to contain them (University of York, 2014). CONCLUSION The four means of maintaining sustainability in the chemical industry as explained with example in the body of this essay would go a long way in preserving the environment and its ecosystem if kept in practise, particularly to the future generations. In addition, the need to equally emphasis and imbibe this practise in modern chemical processes is economical viable both to the chemical industries and to potential investors. REFERENCES Rupert Blackstone (2015). How do we achieve a sustainable lifestyle?Institution of mechanical engineers UK. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.imeche.org/knowledge/industries/energy-environment-and-sustainability/news/Sustainable-Lifestyles. [Accessed: 20 April 2015]. University of York (2014). Essential Chemical Industry online. Green chemistry. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.essentialchemicalindustry.org/processes/green-chemistry.html. [Accessed 19 April 2015]. United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) 2015. Green Chemistry | US EPA. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www2.epa.gov/green-chemistry. [Accessed 16 April 2015].

Animal Farm, by George Orwell :: Animal Farm Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Animal Farm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Theme. What is it? A theme is a central idea of a story that usually reveals something about human nature. A theme is usually unstated as are the themes in George Orwell’s Animal Farm. One theme that can be taken away from the story is weakness can be easily dominated through language and ignorance. This will be seen through the manipulative language of Squealer and the gullibility of the animals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One way in which this can be seen is through Squealer. In one situation all of the apples and milk will be given to the pigs a few animals disagree with this. â€Å"Comrades!† he cried. â€Å"You do not imagine I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our sole object is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers. The whole management and organization of this farm depends on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. It is for your sake that we drink the milk and eat those apples. Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes, Jones would come back! Surely, comrades,† cried Squealer almost pleadingly, skipping form side to side and whisking his tail, â€Å"surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back?† The animals all are in agreement that they do not want Jones back, therefore; believing that the pigs health was the upmost concern (Orwell 820). Here one can see that the animals are easily deceived through a few big words and a lot of fast talking that can be easily confused if one does not pay attention closely. When the animals agree with the fact that they do not want Jones back they assume that they must also be saying that the pigs need the apples and milk to help keep them in health. Although this is not what they are saying, they are saying that they do not want Jones back, and they believe that the way to keep him away is to give the pigs the apples and milk because they stand vehemently against Jones. So now the animals believe that the pigs are entitled to special privileges in order to keep Jones from coming back. Time and time again the animals are deceived because by agreeing with one thing they believe that they are agreeing with everything.

Essay a Note on the Institution of Al-Hisbah and Its Economic Functions

These Short Essays are partial fulfillment of Paper IE1001 of Part 1 of Certified Islamic Finance Professional (CIFP) [DRAFT V0. 5] INCEIF Student Name: Mustafa Aydemir Student ID: 1200279 Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Essay (4) A note on the institution of al-Hisbah and its economic functions in today’s economy. A short Essay by Mustafa Aydemir There are various controlling mechanisms in Islam. Allah swt is overseeing his entire creation; Self-discipline and control by a person self; a persons supervising another person; and the accountability system elaborated in this essay, namely Hisbah.Forbidding the wrong is a divinely imposed obligation on every Muslim. In other words, an executive power of the law of Allah (swt) in vested in each and every one follower of the Islamic faith. This concept points out that it is not only a right but a duty on a single Muslim to issue orders lenient to Gods law, and to do everything in his capacity that they are followed (Cook, 2001). It is the second statement of the Islamic doctrine ‘al-amr bil-maruf wa nahy an al-munkar’ that can can be considered the foundation of Hisbah.It is derived from the Quran verses â€Å"Commanding right and forbidding wrong† (3-110), (3-104), (7-157), (9-71). Beside being an individual obligation of a Muslim to actively seeking the rightful and actively removing the prohibited, Hisbah is a spiritual institution under the power of the state that appoints citizens to carry out the responsibility of enjoining what is right, whenever people start to neglect it, and forbidding what is wrong, whenever people start to engage in it.It is aiming to safeguard a nation from deviance, protect Iman (faith), and ensure the well-being of all people in both spiritual and matters in our daily life according to the Islamic law. It is common knowledge of a Muslim that Allah has made it obligatory to all believers to command well and prevent wrongdoing to the extent of his or her knowledge and capabilities. The following Quranic verse describes: â€Å"Let there arise from you a group calling to all that is good, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. It is these who are successful. (3:104) Furthermore, the following hadith highlights: â€Å"On the authority of Abu Sa'eed al-Khudree (radiAllaahu anhu) who said : I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) say : Whosoever of you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand; and if he is not able to do so, then [let him change it] with his tongue; and if he is not able to do so, then with his heart – and that is the weakest of faith. (Al Sahih al Muslim)† Hisbah is a religious institution that may be one of the formal departments of a Muslim state.The institution would be specialized in fulfilling the aforementioned obligatory task of enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. The Hisbah is the structured means of carrying out this duty. In today’s economy, Hisbah may be organized around monitoring and ultimately trying to safeguard the limits set by Shariah from being violated as an enforcement agency. Consequently, the execution of Hisbah is protecting the well-being of the society as well as ensuring public safety from committing sins, similar to Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).The obvious question to be answered weather an elected government would takeover the coordination of Hisbah. Hence, the role of the state in the economy to safeguard life and property of all individuals within its boundaries would be supported and accompanied by Hisbah. The role of the state was continuously discussed and studied in Islamic thoughts since the early days (Chapra, 1995) . One of which, the Hisbah institution could be a department under the Economic ministry to watch over markets and ensure stability, fairness and prevent unlawful trade practices.What is good for individuals may be applied to economic activities by the Hisbah institution. (INCEIF Lecture Notes). The advantage of Hisbah in particular is highlighted in all its power within Islamic financial institutions. It includes monitoring a financial institution through a rigorous Shariah governance framework. But even a marketplace and manufacturing are of concern to make sure that Shariah-compliance is given. The work of a Shariah Supervisory Board may be considered as Hisbah, or at least affiliated to it.A Shariah committee is appointed to oversee tasks of enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong through Shariah audits, training and advisory activities required to ensure compatibility of an Islamic financial institution with Islamic law. Hisbah in terms of accounting and auditing activities to ensure Shariah-compliance in every industry sector maybe tested in a pilot project if it would ultimately help to improve the well being of all people and hence support Maqasid al Shariah.The bigger the motivation of Muslims are to implementing Islamic values , and the more effective socio-economic institutions are in creating a fair equilibrium between resources and their claims, the smaller will be the role of the state (coordinating Hisbah) will have to play in the economy. We all must take inspiration from what the Qur'an says: And if they strive in Our Cause. We will certainly guide them to Our Ways. For Allah is undoubtedly with those who strive for the good (29-69).

Courage to Speak is Courage to Succeed

Courage to Speak is Courage to Succeed I am writing this note in May with a full and happy heart on the bus ride home from New York City where I did a two-minute pitch at the Jewish Book Conference. I’d practiced my pitch since February when I first registered for the conference almost everywhere – in the shower, with my kids, on the bus to work everywhere. But it’s a totally different experience when you pitch in front of a large crowd – in this case, 200 people who represented the various Jewish Community Centers among bookstores, festival organizers, bookclubs nationwide. The full-blown decision makers. They are the ones who decide whether to fly me out to various venues around the country to talk about my book’s message of courage during their upcoming programming year. So this brings me to my main point. If you want people to know about your book, the best way to get the word out is to speak about it. There’s something about taking a book off the â€Å"Amazon hinges† and connecting with an audience. Social media can only take you so far.  People see and hear your voice. You feel excited. They sense your passion. And the word spreads. I call this organically building a platform. Back to basics. I stood on that stage and gave that pitch every ounce of my being. There was that strong warrior woman of my Israel Defense Forces past I thought Id parked in the memoir, but that day I brought her back. To New York City. Where the Story began. The pitch: â€Å"It was an accident I got inducted in the Israel Defense Forces. I had no idea what I was getting involved in. My mother, daughter of a Holocaust survivor, child prodigy, Julliard graduate who played alongside Leonard Bernstein, was terrified I’d get blown up But I wanted to prove to my Israeli father that I could be my own person away from my mother’s fears and paranoias of Israel. So I dropped out of college and found myself in the middle of the desert with a bunch of immigrants who ridiculed and bullied me. Aerogram after aerogram, my mother pleaded with me to come home. I got my entire company punished because I arrived late for an inspection. I struggled to complete an eighteen kilometer march for our green beret in basic training. I held down an entire camp during one of Israel’s worst snowstorms in history with just one other Russian girl from my company. Mind you, that’s a great way to bond. As a lone IDF soldier, it was hard to stay courageous, but I managed to earn the best soldier award from then president Chaim Herzog. And I heard my mother say, â€Å"Dorit, you’re a really good kid.† Danny Ayalon, former ambassador to the US, says this about Accidental Soldier: A touching and courageous journey of the female immigrant experience that many readers will sympathize with. But the magic didn’t stop with the pitch. Groups came up to me afterwards to ask questions ranging from how did it feel to write my memoir to how did it feel to come back to the States. One woman eagerly asked if I had additional copies of the book. Her group already received their review copies, but she wanted the one copy I had to give it to four other groups in her area who wanted a speaker to talk about an Israel type experience. Wow! Talk about instant booking! At a busy cafà © in midtown Manhattan, I sat with my publicist, who called the experience â€Å"mind-blowing.† I blew up that room. Faces lit up. People watched as I spoke instead of peering over their thick books of numerous author profiles and copious notes. Through trial and error, Ive learned as an author to do these three things: Write a killer book. Hire a killer editor. Speak. Speak. Speak. I know of no better way to spread the word. And it begins with having the courage and the faith to put yourself out there. To your book writing success, Dorit.

A Biography of Notorious Auschwitz Doctor Josef Mengele

A Biography of Notorious Auschwitz Doctor Josef Mengele Josef Mengele (March 16, 1911 - February 7, 1979) was a Nazi SS doctor who experimented on twins, dwarves, and others at the Auschwitz Concentration Camp during the Holocaust. Although Mengele looked kind and handsome, his heinous, pseudoscientific medical experiments, often performed on young children, has placed Mengele as one of the most villainous and notorious Nazis. At the end of World War II, Mengele escaped capture and is believed to have died in Brazil 34 years later. Early Life Born March 16, 1911, in Gà ¼nzburg, GermanyParents were Karl (1881-1959) and Walburga (d. 1946), MengeleTwo younger brothers: Karl (1912-1949) and Alois (1914-1974)Nickname was Beppo1926 diagnosed with osteomyelitis Education and Beginning of WWII 1930 graduated from the GymnasiumMarch 1931 joined the Steel Helmuts (Stahlhelm)January 1934 SA absorbed StahlhelmOctober 1934 left SA because of kidney trouble1935 awarded Ph.D. from the University of MunichJanuary 1, 1937, appointed a research assistant at the Third Reich Institute for Heredity, Biology, and Racial Purity at the University of Frankfurt; worked with Professor Otmar Freiherr von VershuerMay 1937 joined the NSDAP (member #5574974)May 1938 admitted to the SSJuly 1938 awarded medical degree by University of FrankfurtOctober 1938 began basic training with the Wehrmacht (lasted three months)July 1939 married Irene SchoenbeinJune 1940 joined the medical corps (Sanittsinspektion) of the Waffen SSAugust 1940 appointed an Untersturmfà ¼hrerAttached to Genealogical Section of the Race and Resettlement Office in occupied PolandJune 1941, sent to Ukraine as part of the Waffen SS; received the Iron Cross, Second ClassJanuary 1942 joined the Waffen SSs Viking Division medical cor ps; earned the Iron Cross, First Class by pulling two soldiers out of a burning tank while under enemy fire; also awarded the Black Badge for the Wounded and the Medal for the Care of the German People; wounded End of 1942 reposted to the Race and Resettlement Office, this time in its headquarters in Berlinappointed to Haupsturmfà ¼hrer (captain) Auschwitz May 30, 1943, arrived at AuschwitzConducted medical experiments on  twins, dwarfs, giants, and many othersSeemingly constant presence and participation in the selections at the rampResponsible for selections in the womens campcalled Angele of DeathMarch 11, 1944, his son, Rolf, was bornSometime middle of January 1945, he fled Auschwitz On the Run Arrived at Gross-Rosen camp; then left before Russians liberated it on February 11, 1945Spotted at MauthausenCaptured as a prisoner of war and held in a POW camp near MunichReceived papers from fellow prisoner, Dr. Fritz Ulmann; for vanity reasons had not gotten blood type tattooed beneath arm, American Army did not realize he was a member of the SS and released himAliases include: Fritz Ullmann, Fritz Hollmann, Helmut Gregor, G. Helmuth, Jose Mengele, Ludwig Gregor, Wolfgang GerhardRemained on George Fischers farm for three years1949 escaped to Argentina1954 his father came to visit him1954 divorced from Irene1956 had his name officially changed to Josef Mengele1958 married his brother, Karls, widow - Martha MengeleJune 7, 1959, West Germany issued its first arrest warrant for Mengele1959 moved to Paraguay1964 the Universities of Frankfurt and Munich withdrew his academic degreesAssumed that his remains were buried in Embu, Brazil in a grave marked Wolfgang GerhardBelieved to have d ied on February 7, 1979, on the beach at Bertioga in Embu, Brazil while suffering a stroke while swimming in the ocean. February 1985 a public trial, in absentia, was held at Yad VashemIn June 1985, the body in the grave was exhumed for forensic identification.

Case study methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Case study methods - Essay Example Researchers form part of the primary audience for any kind of case study research.   Normally, case study research is formulated to respond to a particular question (Yin, 2012). It involves collection of relevant data, which is followed by analysis to validate any findings.   In business, a case study research might involve studying a particular phenomenon in a given place like a company, country or industry.   One of the most important aspects of case study research is that it emphasizes that a phenomenon must be studied in its natural setting.   A researcher takes time to visit the natural setting of phenomenon and study the different actors as they go about their normal duties. Case study research can be exploratory or explanatory depending on what the researcher seeks to understand. Exploratory research cases aim to discover a given phenomenon or concept. On the other hand, explanatory case study research explains, tests or compares different occurrences. Clarity is essen tial in all types of case research studies.  In most questions, case study research answers questions that start with words like why, how and who. It investigates an event as it occurs in its natural setting.   For example, a researcher can decide to undertake a research that answers the question: How does Unilever treat its employees? This means that the researcher will have to visit Unilever and study the treatment of employees in its contemporary setting. In business, case study research makes use of empirical evidence to study a given subject matter.

Management finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management finance - Essay Example The reporting system in the company is new and shall be changing the norms and the culture of the company. With the introduction of new processes to the company operations then it is usually faced with resistant from the employees. The change in the processes of the company and the introduction of new process or norm is resisted whether it comes from inside or from outside of the company (Leanne, 2009). The reporting system in the company is resisted as well and employees consider it as the means of under estimating their performances in the company and shall not be able to truly evaluate their performances. The reporting system shall be considered as in just for the employees as the manager shall be taken the advantage of the performance and the employees and/or workers shall not be recognized for their performance (Debra & Bradley, 1999). Thus in order to get a better response and acceptability from the employees the report should be the true reflection of the performance of the em ployees. Budget is the most important part of reporting as the actual performance of the department is compared with the budget and thus the evaluation is done. The involvement of the employees shall be playing an important role in the reports as when the budget is prepared with the input from the employees considered along with the management perceptions then the budget prepared shall be much more realistic and achievable and the reports shall be getting a positive and accepted response by the employees (David, 2003). Budget is an integral part of the report and is utilized throughout the process, which involve planning, implementing and control (Mukdad, 2011), as the company enhances its internal controls and thus progress towards a more effective and controlled procedures. The budget in the report shall be much realistic, which involves the employees and the managers of all the departments of the company can attain and thus prepare a realistic and

Global financing and exchange rate mechanisms Essay

Global financing and exchange rate mechanisms - Essay Example Big Mac was specifically under consideration because it was the only chain present in almost every country and have an affordable price, that can be dealt with an average income individual (Kotler & Armstrong, 2009). BIG MAC THEORY: Mc Donald’s best selling product is Big Mac. While hanging out with friends, or for lunch or dinner, people order mouth watering Big Mac with accessories. Big Mac Theory is a theory named to make this product, the most profiting product around the globe. The theory that stabilizes the Big Mac profit is the relationship between currencies, the United States Dollar (USD) with other foreign currencies at current exchange rates. Fed, an economist calls this exchange rate theory a game of achieving with currency rates. Big Mac theory tells us that the original exchange rate that is a nominal exchange rate was adjusted for the ratio of different prices to local prices that allows economists to compare the purchasing power of different currencies (Kotler & Armstrong, 2009). To make it clearer PPP Purchasing Power Parity of foreign currencies is measured by the use of Big Mac Theory. Local currency is used for price comparison and will convert it into USD. The country in which Big Mac price in terms of USD is supposedly be higher, it is considered to have an overvalue in comparison to U.S. dollars. Opposite to this if the estimated price in terms of USD is low then it is an undervalued currency. Globally it is considered to be a consistent price around the globe. This theory is referred as Purchasing Power Parity (Kennedy, 2006). Other then Purchasing Power Parity, many factors are there to put influence on the price of Big Mac. Factors other than PPP are labor cost, rent, and other surcharges, which later are added while fixing the final price but that only affects the local consumers and have no relation with McDonald’s head institution. If the exchange rates are allowed to fluctuate, the currency value will establish and ca n be factorized efficiently in these variables that allow investors to employ capital inflow efficiently. In short, Big Mac theory is about profits at exchange rates (Kotler & Armstrong, 2009). GLOBAL FINANCING OPERATIONS AND EXCHANGE RATE MECHANISMS: Global financing operations are for those institutions that work or invest on an international level and follow set standard regulations, opposed to institutions who work on regional or national level. To maintain these operations, IMF, World Bank, government agencies and ministries of finance design laws and rules through understanding and economic laws. McDonald’s is an international food chain and running its franchises all around the globe. It follows a law of one price that means that selling price is fixed in one currency and is sold at the same rate in any country at the exchange rate (Kennedy, 2006). Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) explains that purchasing power of Big Mac vary according to the price that comes out at exch ange rate. For example if Big Mac is sold at $2.5 in U.S., the rate of Big Mac in U.K will be ?2. It does not include tariff charges or carriers to keep cost neutral (Kotler & Armstrong, 2009). RISK MANAGEMENT: McDonald’s Big Mac is sold every day in different regions in different quantities. It very much depends upon the purchasing power

The Night of the Iguana Essay Example for Free

The Night of the Iguana Essay The lines stated above are the famous words from a well known composer â€Å"Jonathan Coffin†. He wrote these lines when he was at the age of 97 and was considered to the oldest living writer who was still into practice of writing. These lines more or less portray the idea of the play â€Å"The night of the Iguana†. A large amount of The Night of the Iguana is summarized in these little crumbs of poetry. At the time when Peter Judd, who represents Coffin in T. Schreiber Studios astonishing creation of this surprising and unexpected production eventually, explodes into the world with it in the center of the expressively concerning chronicles that take part in and out around his personality, an uncommon type of catharsis took origin for me. This creation, directed by Terry Schreiber, formulates a well-built argument that Iguana may possibly be the most influential and dominant of all of Tennessee Williamss show business. It is unquestionably must-see theatre. Analysis: The Night of the Iguana maintains and improves the subjects of the plays of Tennessee Williams. To be certain, it has origins in Tennessee Williams invention—which comprises poetry, small chronicles and in any case one work of fiction; but at this point it is usual to come across for those roots in the type which has made him world-famous, in the stage show. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is similarly fraction of the woods which environs The Night of the Iguana. Williams basic matter is unkindness in three variations: The unkindness of human beings, the group’s brutality to the person, the unkindness of natural world, in the animal unrefined procedures themselves, and the unkindness of God, as the individual liable for the entire cosmic-metaphysical structure of unkindness, lack of food, decomposition and bereavement. That his dramas to a somewhat high level are filled of tense, broke and supersensitive individuals is a rational consequence of the reality that Tennessee Williams possesses gathering with truth, as seen in the course of his writings, has been one large fail. And as realism looks nowadays—a humanity blanket with a fatal gab of hatred and fear, and with the alimentation from Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Hitlers bereavement site as our times most significant looks—it is barely at all overstatement to declare that this crash has excellent causes. The human being who hikes around nowadays with excellent nerves, vigorous and optimistic, experiences not only a blunted perceptive, but from what is bad: a rounded spirit. In his script, in his everlasting protection of those who believe in a different way, who have dissimilar habits of being, Tennessee Williams symbolizes an extremely high ethics, a far higher and further extended civilization, than do those who blame him of wickedness and need of confidence in sympathy. Tennessee Williamss The Night of the Iguana is the very last of the illustrious American dramatist’s most important creative, significant, and box office accomplishments. Initially presented on December 28, 1961, on Broadway in the Royale Theatre, The Night of the Iguana made Williams the winner for his fourth New York Drama Critics Award. Similar to other dramas by Williams, The Night of the Iguana spotlights on sexual interactions and unusual characters, as well as one crippled by his requirements, the Reverend Shannon. Without a doubt, in retrospect, a lot of opponents observe The Night of the Iguana as the association among stylistic times, near the beginning/center to late for Williams. They disagree that Williams discloses more of himself in this drama other than his earlier efforts. Certainly, not like a lot of of Williamss plays The Night of the Iguana concludes on an optimistic, encouraged message. Nevertheless, a number of present-day reviewers of the unique Broadway production discover the play deficient outline and lacking in originality of Williamss previous accomplishments. There has as well been a lasting argument over what the iguana, stated in the title, symbolizes. The iguana, which uses most of the script joined up on the border of the veranda, is seen as a sign for a number of objects, Containing freedom, what it signifies to be a human being, and Shannon. It can be said that The Night of the Iguana does not go anyplace. In the sincere logic, it does not require to. It is by now there, at the touching, beleaguered heart of the human being condition (Anonymous, pp. 1). Analysis of the Characters: Schreibers direction in no way demonstrates; its as usual as walking. But hes afforded with his designers to carry the Costa Verde to astounding existence, with George Allisons verdant, attractive location, whole with palm trees, operational water propeller, and even a thunderstorm, setting the sight completely; and Karen Ann Ledgers set of clothes, Andrea Boccanfusos lights, and Chris Rummels jingles all contributory powerfully to the ambience. Schreiber has conveyed into view outstanding work from all of his performers as well. Even the group of actors with the negligible roles—like Peter Aguero as one of Shannons competitor expedition guides or Alecia Medley as the inexperienced present bright, unforgettable performances. The four keys do a lot more, getting intensely into the spirits and wits and moods of their characters and allowing us appreciate what creating every one of them marks. Janet Saia is a strong, bodily Maxine, but she constantly permits us to observe the displeasure and solitude that troubles this woman. Denise Fiore provides us a beached, moderately than delicate, Hannah, a woman who has been taught how to stay alive and cultured how to take out crumbs of contentment from a less-than-ideal living circumstances; she senses at one time transient and very weary, so that the trip she narrates and the expedition she takes throughout the play both seem very persuasive (Tennessee Williams, 150). Conclusion: So you actually dont feel like to miss an exceptional opportunity to witness one of the less-frequently done Williams works of art as it was destined to be seen. Certainly, Im not sure that anyone has ever left a creation of Williams additional dignified or stimulated by the wealthy acceptance of humankind that our supreme American spectacular writer infatuated. The Night of the Iguana is considered to be the best play of Williams. The way he has given a positive message at the end of his play has made the play very effective and influential. This play in no doubt different than whatever work he has done till date. References: Williams, Tennessee. 1961. The Night of the Iguana: A Play. Published by New Directions Anonymous. 1964. The Night of the Iguana . Retrieved on 5th March ’09 from http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0058404/

Spread of Islam Essay -- Religion, Muhammad

Islam began in Mecca when the Prophet Muhammad began to spread the word of God (292). The Prophet â€Å"sought to warn his people against worshipping false gods and all immortality, especially injustice to the poor, orphans, widows, and women altogether† (293). The first converts of the religion were Meccan townsfolk and farmers (292). While some prominent Meccans joined him, the aristocracy generally resisted his teachings (293-94). According to the Qur’an, paradise lies in gratitude to God as well as in his guidance and forgiveness (293). Muhammad is accepted as the last of many prophets chosen to spread the word of God (293). Unfortunately, the Prophets’ teachings did not readily spread and succeed (293). Still, many peoples followed his wife, Khadija, and recognized him as a â€Å"chosen reformer† (293). After Muhammad’s death in 632, the lack of a successor or son led to a political struggle between the Meccan and Medinan peoples. This ended wh en Abu Bakr was selected as the successor to the Prophet (297). However, as in most previous cases, many Arab tribes renounced allegiance to the Prophet after his death (297). Nonetheless, the rule of Abu Bakr â€Å"reestablished religious conformity for much of Arabia and forced Arabs to recognize the faith and practice of Islam as opposed to a certain leader; the Prophet Muhammad in this case† (297) Following Bakr, Caliphs Umar and Uthman pushed Arab armies beyond the peninsula and conquered Byzantine and Sasanid territories, Egypt, and most of Iran by 643 (297). This success can be accounted to the leadership of the first caliphs and field generals as well as the weakness of the Byzantine and Iranians (297). By 651, Arab armies defeated the last of the Sasanid rulers (297). The fourth caliphate; ... ...sian oppression (298). Muslims were accepting of other religions and allowed Christian, Jewish, and Zoroastrian groups to live under protection of Islamic rule â€Å"provided they recognize Islamic political authority, pay a non Muslim head tax, and not interfere with Muslim religious practices† (298). The head tax and other divisions on non-Muslims encouraged many to convert (298). Islamic culture was also highly adaptable and open to blending of cultural traits, allowing it to spread in even hostile societies (346). Muslims could exchange ideas and goods with Muslims of radically different backgrounds and â€Å"encounter them as brothers and sisters of the Umma† (347). Thus, Islam primarily spread through the conquests of Arab armies and successfully spread due to its tenets, high adaptability, the weakening of Byzantine and Sasanid Empires, and its immense leadership.

Contrasting Cultures: Spain and Pakistan

Contrasting Cultures: Spain and Pakistan This paper goes through the cultural differences of two countries, Spain and Pakistan based on four â€Å"culture-driving† factors: food, Religion, Clothing and Language. Culture may differ from country to country, family to family or even individual to individual. Mostly a country has its culture ,according to which the citizens of that country behave respectively. â€Å"A nation’s culture resides in the heart and in the soul of its people† (Mahatma Gandhi) Pakistan, which is officially known as Islamic Republic of Pakistan, follows the Islamic law or Shari’aa.It’s obvious that the main religion of Pakistan is Islam. About 96% of the population are Muslims ,out of which 80% are Sunnis and 20% Shia’’s, 2% are Hindus, less than 1% are Christians and the others are Jews, Sikhs, Ismailis etc (Worldtradepress, 2010). As the majority of Pakistanis are Muslims, and is a huge factor in driving the cult ure of Pakistan, all the citizens engage in the Islamic holidays and festivals for example Eid-ul-Adha, Eid-ul-Fitr and respect the Muslims who are fasting in the Holy Month of Ramadan by not drinking or eating in public.Where Pakistan has a dominant religion as Islam, Spain’s dominant religion is Roman Catholicism which comprises of 94% of the population and the remaining 6% are Muslims, Hindus and Jews (kiwiessential. co. uk, n. d. ) The Catholic Church in Toledo implements instructions on the society, but as the rest of the Europe, Spain has now become a secular country so it literally does not have an official religion. Islam and Arab roots of Spain have been present for about 400 years, however in the modern Spain there are only Muslims which are either converts or immigrants from Morocco.Religion does not have great influence on culture in Spain when compared to Pakistan, even though there are dominant religions and minor religions in both countries. The factor which ma kes a person known is the language they speak. Both countries have different languages, Urdu being the national language of Pakistan and Castilian Spanish being the dominant language of Spain. However the similarity of languages in both countries is that the other languages spoken in the country are based on the region.For example, In Pakistan, Punjabi is spoken in Punjab province, Sindhi in the Sindh province and the other languages like Balochi, Siraiki, Pashtu and others adding upto 12 different languages (Saarctourism. org,n. d) Same is in the case of Spain where Castilian (national language) is spoken in Castile, Galician in Galicia, Basque in Euskardi, Calan and Valencia in Catalonia and Valencian region respectively (kiwiessential. co. uk, n. d). All the languages spoken in Spain are not known to Pakistanis and vice versa. Hence language differentiates the two cultures, and basically defines them.Apart from language, dressing of a person makes the other judge from which count ry he or she belongs to. Spanish people wear semi-conservative but fashionable clothes and the way they dress mostly depends on the weather (Hagerty,J 2012) Women mostly wear modest clothes which do not reveal a lot of skin, They prefer not to wear revealing clothes or sleeveless in public and mostly wear skirts, long pants or loose fitting shirts (Worldtradepress, 2010). However in Pakistan, the clothing is mostly conservative, except for the upper class.Shalwar Kameez is the the national dress of Pakistan which is basically a long shirt and loose pants. As the times now in Pakistan have changed, people over there wear both western and traditional clothes, but wearing sleeveless or short dresses are looked down upon. The trend of Jeans-Kameez is very common in the women now ( Korener S. & Rusell, I. , 2010) However, not wearing Shalwar Kameez by women is still not accepted in many parts of Pakistan and moreover women or girls are expected to wear the most modest clothes and sta y â€Å"covered† as it is a very conservative society as well as a Muslim country.Pakistani clothes are mostly rich in embroidery and full of colours (mapsofworld. com) whereas the people in Spain wear clothes which are mainly made of wool, cotton or leather because of the geographical situation of the country (Hagerty J. , 2012) The clothes worn in the two countries differentiate each other a lot and mostly the Pakistani clothing especially to women is driven by the religion factor. The next culture-driving-factor is food. Food is always different â€Å"regionally† throughout the globe.Pakistani food uses a lot of spices and herbs making it an exquisite cuisine. Lentils are eaten a lot as well as wheat and flour products such as Chapatti, which are like the Mexican Tortillas, are eaten almost daily. The use of clarified butter known as Ghee is widely used in the middle-class and low-class of Pakistanis, however now the people are more health conscious which has reduce d its use in the upper class. Pakistanis are big lovers of pickles and sour pastes called as chutneys which make their food even tastier. Saarctourism. org,n. d) On the other hand, Spain’s food is nothing like that of Pakistan’s. They ate very mild food and mostly have Continental breakfast, a Heavy lunch and a light dinner (Harkins A, 2011). Wine is a must for them during lunch and so are the desserts mainly Black Pudding The lunch is mostly a four course meal with a soup, a fish or egg dish, a meat dish served with vegetables and a dessert mainly a pastry or custard (Porter D, & Prince D, 2004). However the famous dishes vary from city to city in Spain.Due to the Islamic law any kind of alcoholic beverage is not included in Pakistani meals unlike Spain. Rabbit, Chicken and Pork are the main meats eaten in Spain (expatfocus. com, n. d. ) whereas in Pakistan ,due to Islamic law Pork is not allowed, hence chicken, lamb and beef are mostly eaten (saarctourism. org). In conclusion, after reading this paper the clear conclusion which comes is that both the cultures are extremely different. They rarely have any similarity. The main point is that Pakistan’s culture is driven by Religion whereas Spain’s culture is driven by Region!References * Expat Focus, n. d, Spain- Food and Drink, accessed on 5/11/2012, available URL http://www. expatfocus. com/expatriate-spain-food-drink? gclid=CMzKzYuVurMCFSHHtAodmjMA2Q * Hagerty, J 2012, 10 Facts about Clothing in Spain, accessed on 6/11/2012, available URL http://www. travels. com/travel-tips/advice/facts-clothing-spain/ * Harkins, A 2010, Espana, accessed on 6/11/2012, available URL http://dreamweaver. reinhardt. edu/harkins91109/spain-cultures. html * Kiwi essential, n. , Spain Culture Guide: Religion in Spain, accessed 5/11/2012, available URL http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/articles/spain/Spain-culture-guide-Religion-in-Spain/21 * Kiwi essential, n. d, Spain-Language, culture, Customs An d Etiquette, accessed 5/11/2012, available URL http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/resources/global-etiquette/spain-country-profile. html * Koerner, S & Russell, I 2010, Unquiet Pasts,p382-385, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. , accessed on 6/11/2012, URL http://books. google. ae/books? id=7li2jpQgYvAC&pg=PA382&dq=nati

An Example of a Great Classification Essay

My iTunes Library and How It Defines Me â€Å"New York is more than a tan that you’ll never lose,† this quote is by Lady Gaga, who is one of my favorite singers. Quotes like these are unique. This quote shares uniqueness with the music I listen to, which defines me and my personality. I consider myself to be a very unusual and colorful character. Anyone who didn’t know me should be able to figure out my personality just from listening to the music I own. This is primarily because I listen to a variety of genres when it comes to music. The genres that dominate my â€Å"Top 25 Most Played† playlist are: pop, alternative, electronic, hip-hop, and jazz. Pop music for me isn’t just a genre, it’s a lifestyle. Pop is basically the soundtrack to my life. Whether it’s a night out on the town with my closest friends, recovering from a bad break-up, or needing some encouragement after a rough day; there’s a pop song to be played. And with my iTunes library, there’s never a shortage in pop music. Roughly 60 percent of the 1500 songs in my music library are all pop. The most popular artists I listen to in this genre are: Miley Cyrus, Britney Spears, Selena Gomez, Demi Lovato, Maroon 5, Lady GaGa and Ke$ha. Each of these artists has a different â€Å"persona† when it comes to pop music. Miley Cyrus is the rebellious teen who just wants to have a good time. Some of her songs feature heavy processed vocals, while in other ballads, she shows off those pipes that made her famous. Britney Spears is the pop queen of my generation. She shouldn’t necessarily be classified as a singer because she’s more of a performer. Britney plays the â€Å"Good Girl Gone Bad† role perfectly and she has let us know this since she sang her most infamous lyric â€Å"I’m not that innocent! † Demi and Selena are the pop princesses next door. They never sing anything too risque. Maroon 5 is more of pop-rock, and their music is for one of those rainy days when I’m sad. Ke$ha and Lady GaGa deserve their own branch of pop music because their songs are so exotic compared to other artists. Ke$ha is all about glitter, drugs, and partying. I’m certain every single one of her songs mentions glitter or alcohol. She also â€Å"wakes up in the morning feelin’ like P-Diddy† according to her hit single â€Å"Tik-Tok. † How a Caucasian female can wake up in the morning feeling like an African American male baffles me. Lady GaGa is probably the most talked about pop artist. She manages to out-weird herself at every award show. GaGa is all about accepting one’s self, and singing about topics one would not normally sing about. Topics such as but not limited to: sex, money, homosexuality, rebelliousness, colorful hair, religion, and alcohol have all made appearances in one of GaGa’s hit singles. These ladies are all unique in their own way and they make up the reasons why I love pop music. Alternative or â€Å"Indie† music is for the hipster inside of me. It’s music that can express feelings or emotions that I can’t quite explain. My all-time favorite alternative artist is Florence and The Machine. Her haunting voice looms over every track she sings and it’s truly mesmerizing. My favorite song by Florence is â€Å"What the Water Gave Me† from her latest album Ceremonials. Another band that I feel like belongs in this genre is Fleetwood Mac. Of course, anyone who is superior to me in age may question what I know about Fleetwood Mac. I consider Rumours one of my favorite albums of all time as well as one of the greatest albums ever. â€Å"I Don’t Wanna Know†, â€Å"Dreams†, â€Å"Go Your Own Way†, and â€Å"Songbird† are the standout tracks on this album. Alternative music takes up about 20 percent of my iTunes library. It’s definitely the genre I listen to when I feel like nothing else quite explains what I’m feeling. Electronic music really serves only one purpose in just about anyone’s life: to give them something to dance to. This particular genre of music is mastered by DJ’s who often remix pop or hip-hop songs to their tastes. My favorite DJ is the Frenchman David Guetta. He often produces music for several pop artists and releases the songs on his own compilation album. Electronic music also has a sub-genre that has gained notable fame as of late, Dub-step. Dub-step features heavy bass and synthesizers that make the listener want to contort their body in the strangest fashion. This genre came from Europe and was popularized by Britney Spears in America with her comeback single â€Å"Hold It Against Me. † Electronic and dub-step are also much more popular in Europe than they are in America. I feel like this adds charm to my strange library of music. A rather small amount of charm I might add. I’m rather finicky when it comes to this genre so I only have a few songs in this category. Hip-hop for many members in the local community is a lifestyle. For me, it’s something to listen to when I feel narcissistic. This genre takes up a smaller portion of my iTunes Library because I don’t agree with it all of the time. Hip-hops all about being better than everyone else; and by better I mean being hotter, richer, or more talented than the competition. Some notable artists in this genre that I like are: Mac Miller, Beyonce, Kelly Rowland, and Nicki Minaj. Mac Miller is a relatively new artist in this genre. His first studio album actually came out a week ago. However, his lyrics amuse me and he always has a rather swell beat. Beyonce and Kelly Rowland are the same type of artist. This should not come as a shock considering they both got their start in they girl group Destiny’s Child. They are both all about over-sexualizing one’s self and dancing around in skimpy outfits. Beyonce has branched away from that with her latest album 4 which has more of a soul vibe to it. Nicki Minaj is probably the Lady GaGa of hip-hop. She’s very strange. She raps amazingly fast and takes on several alter-egos as she performs. One of this alter-egos is â€Å"Roman. † Roman speaks in a very deep voice and yells profane things often. He can be heard on Nicki’s single â€Å"Roman’s Revenge. † Jazz music is literally music for the soul. It’s music that when you listen to it, you can feel the singers despair, ecstasy, or remorse. The genre takes its roots in the diverse city of New Orleans so it’s only fitting that I represent my home state with some jazz. The only artist that dominates my most played list in this genre is Amy Winehouse. She had a rather tragic life. Her career was often overshadowed by her troublesome addictions that she eventually succumbed to and ended up losing her life over. However, Amy’s talent shouldn’t be forgotten. She was a singer with remarkably talent. Whenever I listen to her smash record Back to Black I almost feel as if I’ve entered her world and can feel her sorrows. To me, that’s what jazz music is all about. The diverse range of music I listen to represents the unusual character that I am. Pop music represents the fun side to me; alternative music represents the more intelligent side of me; electronic music represents the inner party animal that dwells within; Hip-hop represents the part of me that doesn’t care about others opinions; while jazz represents that part of me that’s unpredictable. All of these genres reside in my iTunes library and that library paints the picture of me.